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The direct write-off method of accounting for uncollectible accounts is used to remove specific uncollectible amounts from the accounts receivable balance when they are identified. This debt write off method does not comply with the matching principle and can only be used for immaterial amounts.
Unearned revenue is generated when a business supplies its services to a customer and the services are invoiced in advance.
For example, suppose a business provides maintenance services and invoices for annually in advance. At the time of invoicing the service has not been provided and none of the revenue has been earned, it therefore needs to be credited to the unearned revenue account.
The percentage of completion method is used to calculate the amount of revenue and income that can be recognized by a business on a long term project. The method is in accordance with the matching or accruals concept of accounting, and ensures that the costs incurred on the project are matched to the revenues arising from that project.
At the end of an accounting period a manufacturing business will have goods which are only partially completed. These goods will be included in the balance sheet current assets as work in process (WIP), under the heading of inventory. Work in process is sometimes referred to as work in progress.
A business has been invoiced 500 for goods and takes a 2% cash settlement discount for early payment.
The original invoice would have been posted to accounts payable, so the balance before settlement on the suppliers account is 500. A 2% discount on 500 is 10, and the amount of cash the customer pays is therefore 490.
Vertical analysis definition: A technique of analyzing financial statements by restating each line item (e.g. sales and marketing expenses) as a percentage of another base line item (e.g. Revenue). The horizontal analysis reports are not required by Accounting Standards, and are used more as a management tool rather than a formal reporting document.
Horizontal analysis definition: A technique of analyzing financial data by comparing one periods financial statements to another in order to spot trends in the information. The horizontal analysis reports are not required by Accounting Standards, and are used more as a management tool rather than a formal reporting document.
A mortgage is an interest in a property that is transferred from a borrower (the mortgagor) to a lender (mortgagee) to as security for a mortgage loan. If the lender does not repay the loan then the lender can under certain circumstances take the property.
As we have a series of periodic payments from the lender to the borrower and a periodic compounding interest rate, the mortgage payment can be regarded as an annuity.
